Civil Engineering

  What is 316 Stainless Steel? Grade 316 is a popular alloy of stainless steel with a melting range of 2,500 °F – 2,550 °F (1,371 °C – 1,399 °C). As an austenitic stainless-steel alloy, it has qualities such as high strength, corrosion resistance, and high concentrations of chromium and nickel. The alloy has a  tensile strength  of 579 MPa (84 ksi) and a maximum use temperature of around 800˚C (1,472˚F). Additionally, grade 316 has added molybdenum in its formulation, which improves the  alloy’s resistance  to acids, alkalis, and chloride pitting. 316 Stainless Steel Properties & Applications Grade 316 steel comes in a close second to 304 stainless steel in terms of commonality. With similar physical and mechanical properties to grade 304, it’s nearly impossible to tell the difference between the two with the naked eye. The primary differentiator is in grade 316’s material composition: 16 percent chromium 10 percent nickel 2 percent molybdenum The

  The Importance of a suitable Earthing Earthing, also known as grounding, is a fundamental and essential part of an electrical system. Despite not being a visible element, the earthing system is of vital importance for the safety of people and equipment, as it protects against dangerous potential differences. The function of the earthing in an electrical installation is to dissipate in the terrain the currents of any nature that can originate, either from fault currents, at industrial frequency, or due to atmospheric discharges. The circulation of currents through earthing can cause the appearance of potential differences between certain points. For example, between the installation of earthing and the surrounding land, or between two points of it. The earthing system must be designed so that, even with the appearance of important potential differences, safety for people and the installation can be guaranteed. For proper operation, fulfilling any of the above functions, the grounding

                                              Piling                                                            Building engineers use piling to secure the foundations of a construction site before they begin building infrastructure on top. It's a key step in the construction process that contractors use to boost the safety and reliability of a project. Piling is an important technical skill that requires confidence and a collaborative team dynamic. If you're seeking a role in the construction industry, it's essential to be knowledgeable about the different piling types and methods. What is piling? Piling is the process of drilling foundations through the ground to provide more structural strength to the weak soil underneath. Piling prepares the ground to carry heavy loads, such as a new home, office complex, road or another piece of infrastructure. Piles usually are long poles that are made of timber, steel or concrete. Its shape, circumference and weight may vary

  Dream of many of us is building a Dream house and enjoy the Life. Once you have decided to build a house of your own, the next stage is to find a suitable land plot. But with buying land to construct a house and proceeding with the building process, there is a set of housing rules and regulations set by the state that should be followed. These guarantee a safe construction site, an efficient building process and a strong building that may withstand any external pressure. In Sri Lanka, these building regulations are monitored by the Urban Development Authority (UDA) and implemented by the Municipal Council. It is only once the relevant Municipal Council has approved your plan that you can start construction.  Here we have categorized and listed a few key factors to take into consideration to get your building plan approved and start building your dream home fast.  SITE SUITABILITY  Land comes in different forms. Some of them are suitable for construction after being  evaluated

  BONDING IN BRICKWORK Bonds in brick work means method of arranging the bricks in courses so that individual brick units are tied together and the vertical joints of the successive courses do not lie in same vertical line.                                                                     Types of Bonding PURPOSES OF BRICK BONDING §   Obtain maximum strength whilst distributing the loads to be carried throughout the wall, column or pier. §   If bonds in brick work are not arranged properly, then a continuous vertical joint will result. This is called an unbonded wall having little strength and stability. (See fig. below) Unbounded wall & Load Distribution in a Well Bonded Wall §   To ensure lateral stability and resistance to side thrusts. §   To create an acceptable appearance. RULES FOR BONDING IN BRICKWORK For getting good bond, the following rules should be observed. RULE-1 The bricks should be of uniform size. The length of the brick should be twice i